aka rock harlequin Corydalis sempervirens (Capnoides sempervirens) Native to: All of New England Life cycle: Annual (rarely biennial) Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Medium-Dry to Dry Height: 2-3’ Spacing: 12-18” Blooms: May-September Bloom Color: Pink Natural Habitat: Rocky outcrops, quarries, and disturbed dry, gravelly areas Benefits: Attracts Bees, Attracts Butterflies, Low Maintenance “An attractive annual native for rocky, shallow-soil sites and cooler climates. Easy to start from seed, it has light to dark pink tubular flowers with bright yellow tips and greenish-blue leaves - a real stand out in the garden!

Chamaecrista fasciculata Native to: Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island Life cycle: Annual (self-sows) Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Medium to Dry Height: 6-24” Spread: 6-14" Spacing: 6-12” Blooms: July-September Bloom Color: Yellow Natural Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, and disturbed areas Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite, Deer/Rabbit Resistant, Urban Environment, Drought Tolerant, Host Plant (eg. Io Moth) Pairs Well With: Blue iris, blue vervain, and New England aster “An annual wildflower that makes a great addition to a garden or meadow planting.

Asclepias exaltata Native to: All New England Life cycle: Perennial Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Medium-Wet to Medium-Dry Height: 18-60” Spread: 12-24" Spacing: 24-36” Blooms: June-July Bloom Color: white Natural Habitat: Upland woods to rich woodland openings Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Deer/Rabbit Resistant, Host Plant (eg. Monarch, Cycnias), Attracts Butterflies, Attracts Bees, Low Maintenance “This little-known milkweed is the first to bloom of our local species, usually in mid-June. The dainty white or pale green flowers dangle from the stem.

Echinacea purpurea Native to: Midwest and Southeast U.S. Life cycle: Perennial Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Medium-Wet to Medium-Dry Height: 2-4’ Spacing: 18-24” Blooms: June-September Bloom Color: Pink-Purple Natural Habitat: Man-made or disturbed habitats, forest edges, meadows and fields Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite, Deer (NOT rabbit) Resistant, Drought Tolerant, Low Maintenance “A prairie classic! Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) has a fibrous root system with short woody rhizomes. It is a drought-tolerant perennial that is also deer resistant.

Aronia arbutifolia Native to: MA, NH, CT, RI, ME Life cycle: Perennial Shrub Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Wet to Dry Soil Height: 5-12’Spacing: 4-8’ Blooms: SpringBloom Color: White Fruits: SummerFruit Color: Red Natural Habitat: Human-disturbed or -maintained habitats, bogs, fens, meadows and fields, swamps, woodlands Benefits: Host Plant, Attracts Songbirds, Attracts Bees, Urban Environment, Compaction Tolerant, Salt Tolerant, Drought Tolerant, Edible, Low Maintenance, Erosion Control/Soil Stabilization, Fall Color “This attractive, multi-stemmed shrub blends into the landscape when not in flower or fruit.

Aquilegia canadensis Native to: All New England Life cycle: Perennial Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Medium to Dry Height: 8-24” Spread: 8-12” Spacing: 10-17” Blooms: April-June Bloom Color: Red Natural Habitat: Rocky open woods and ledges, rocky shores, and cliffs Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite, Attracts Hummingbirds, Deer/Rabbit Resistant, Urban Environment, Salt Tolerant, Drought Tolerant, Host Plant (Columbine Duskywing) Pairs Well With: Northeastern and Small’s beardtongue, and spotted crane’s-bill “Red or American Columbine is one of the first plants to provide nectar in the spring for bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds….

Asclepias incarnata Native to: All New England Life cycle: Perennial Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Wet to Medium Soil Height: 3-4’ Spread: 12-24" Spacing: 18-36” Blooms: June-August Bloom Color: Pink Natural Habitat: Moist meadows, ditches, and pond edges Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite, Deer/Rabbit Resistant, Host Plant (eg. Monarch & 11 other species) “Summer-blooming meadow and wetland wildflower with pink flower clusters and foliage important to the monarch butterfly’s larval stage.

Solidago sempervirens Native to: MA, CT, RI, ME, NH Life cycle: Perennial Light: Full Sun Soil Moisture: Dry Height: 24-42" Spread: 18-30" Spacing: 2-3' Blooms: Early fall Bloom Color: Yellow Natural Habitat: Dry, sandy, or gravelly beaches, salt marshes, shores, and roadsides Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Host Plant (eg. Wavy Lined Emerald), Deer/Rabbit Resistant, Drought Tolerant, Flood Tolerant, Salt Tolerant, Urban Environment, Low Maintenance Pairs Well With: Butterfly milkweed, smooth blue aster, little bluestem, sundial lupine, spotted bee-balm, bayberry, and flax-leaved stiff aster

Boehmeria cylindrica Native to: All of New England Life cycle: Perennial Light: Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Medium-Wet to Medium Height: 3’ Spacing: 18-24” Blooms: June-August Bloom Color: Yellow Natural Habitat: River or stream floodplains, forests, swamps, wetland margins Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Deer/Rabbit Resistant Host Plant (eg. Eastern Comma, Question Mark, Red Admiral) “Smallspike False Nettle is a host plant hotspot! Fly larva of Neolasioptera boehmeriae will form galls on the Smallspike False Nettle stems.

Symphyotrichum laeve Native to: All New England Life cycle: Perennial Light: Full/Partial Sun Soil Moisture: Medium-Wet to Medium-Dry Height: 1-4’ Spread: 12-18” Spacing: 18-24” Blooms: August-October Bloom Color: Blue, purple Natural Habitat: Dry, open woods and fields; disturbed areas and roadsides Pairs Well With: Butterfly milkweed, foxglove beardtongue, sundial lupine, black-eyed coneflower, foxglove beardtongue, flax-leaved aster, and little bluestem Benefits: Pollinator Favorite, Bird Favorite, Host Plant (Pearl Crescent, Silvery Checkerspot butterflies), Drought Tolerant, Urban Environment, Low Maintenance